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Security glossary

Every term this app puts on a chart, in plain language — what it means, why it matters, and how it shows up here. Open “More” for the long version with examples.

CVE — Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

Vulnerabilities

A public, unique ID for one specific security flaw in one specific product, so everyone talks about the same issue.

CWE — Common Weakness Enumeration

Vulnerabilities

The *type* of coding mistake behind a vulnerability, e.g. 'SQL injection'. Many CVEs share one CWE.

CVSS — Common Vulnerability Scoring System

Metrics

A 0–10 technical severity score for how bad a flaw is if exploited. It measures damage potential, not likelihood.

EPSS — Exploit Prediction Scoring System

Metrics

A 0–100% probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the wild in the next 30 days.

CISA KEV — Known Exploited Vulnerabilities

Metrics

A government-maintained list of vulnerabilities confirmed to be exploited in real attacks right now.

Scan

Scans

One run of the collection agent against either a single machine (PC scan) or a range of addresses (network scan).

Host

Scans

One machine or network address that a scan looked at.

Finding

Scans

One observation from a scan — a package, service or open port — optionally paired with a candidate CVE.

Vendor / Product / Version

Concepts

The three-part identity used to line up something you run with the software a CVE affects.

Confidence score

Metrics

How strongly the app believes a CVE really applies to something a scan found, from 0% to 100%.

Data sources

Concepts

Where the vulnerability intelligence in this app comes from: NVD (NIST), MITRE CVE, OpenCVE, CISA KEV and EPSS (FIRST.org).

Published over time

Concepts

How many CVEs were published in each time bucket, with the bucket size chosen to match your selected range.

Weak evidence

Scans

Something is listening or a name was guessed from a port number — never proof of a product or a vulnerability.

Needs validation

Scans

An observation that could not be resolved to a trustworthy product identity and must be confirmed before action.

Verified evidence

Scans

A concrete product and version were read directly from the asset or from the service itself.

Probable evidence

Scans

A named product was observed, but without a reliable version.

Network probe

Scans

A successful TCP handshake against a host and port. Stored as weak evidence.

Partial coverage

Scans

The scan did not cover its whole intended scope, so gaps are unknown rather than clean.

No coverage

Scans

Nothing responded, so the run proves nothing about the target.

Probed but no observations

Scans

Hosts responded, but nothing crossed the extraction thresholds.

Upload failed

Scans

Collection succeeded on the machine, but no observations reached the server.

Upload rejected

Scans

The server refused the upload because the payload was malformed or the agent is out of date.

Candidate match

Metrics

A CVE the matcher generated for an observation. Not a confirmed exposure.

Reviewable finding

Metrics

A candidate with enough evidence for an analyst to review.

Actionable finding

Metrics

A high-confidence finding on a real product identity — the only kind counted in patch and SLA metrics.

Coverage freshness

Metrics

How recently a host or scan type was successfully covered.

Normalization confidence

Concepts

How much we trust the mapping from a raw product name to a normalized vendor/product/version.